The 12th Amendment

The 12th Amendment to the United States Constitution, ratified in 1804, introduced significant changes to the process of electing the President and Vice President. Prior to this amendment, the original process, as outlined in Article II, Section 1, Clause 3 of the Constitution, often led to confusion and political conflict. The 12th Amendment aimed to…

Understanding the Electoral College

The Electoral College is a unique method used in the United States to elect the President and Vice President. This system, established by the Founding Fathers, is a blend of both congressional and popular voting, designed to balance the power between large and small states. Understanding how the Electoral College works, why it was created,…

Registering to Vote – Post

A list of links for each state, on how to register to vote

The 26th Amendment

A significant turning point in American history was the ratification of the 26th Amendment to the United States Constitution. Millions of young Americans now have the ability to vote thanks to the reduction of the voting age from 21 to 18. Background and Context The campaign to lower the voting age gathered steam in the…

History of the American Flag

The American flag, known as the “Stars and Stripes,” has undergone several significant transformations throughout its history. Each version of the flag reflects pivotal moments in the nation’s growth and development. Here, we explore the evolution of the American flag, focusing on key designs such as the “Continental Colors,” the “Betsy Ross Flag,” the 15-star…

JOHN JAY FETZER MEMORIAL SCHOLARSHIP

For High School Seniors The John Jay Fetzer Memorial Scholarship Fund benefits high school seniors who demonstrate exceptional academic achievement, leadership, civil debate skills and civics knowledge. Established in memory of our late Institute colleague, Jay was passionate about equal justice and equal opportunity for all. His compassion for others was borne out by the…

American Patriot, Nathan Hale

Few figures from the American Revolution occupy such a powerful place in the American imagination as Nathan Hale. Remembered as a young patriot who willingly gave his life for the cause of independence, Hale became one of the Revolution’s earliest martyrs — a symbol of courage, sacrifice, and devotion to a nation that did not…

Ratification of the 19th Amendment

The United States Constitution’s 19th Amendment, which gave women the right to vote, was ratified in 1920, marking an important turning point in American history. According to the amendment, “The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account…

How To Become Civically Engaged

A list of links for each state, on how to register to vote

Truman’s Executive Order 9981

Executive Order 9981, a groundbreaking rule aimed at eradicating racial discrimination and segregation in the U.S. Armed Forces, was issued by President Truman on July 26, 1948. During World War II, minorities, especially African Americans, served in segregated military forces. Despite their contributions to the war effort, they were subjected to prejudice and received unfair…